The Mutual Relations between Toxin and Antitoxin
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Bacterial Toxin-antitoxin Systems Translation Inhibitors Everywhere the Toxin-antitoxin System Framework the Selfish Nature of Toxin-antitoxin Systems
*Correspondence to: Laurence Van Melderen; Email: [email protected] Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are composed of two elements: a toxic protein and an antitoxin which is either an RNA (type I and III) or a protein (type II). Type II systems are abundant in bacterial genomes in which theymove via horizontal gene transfer. They are generally composed of two genes organized in an operon, encoding ...
متن کاملAssociation Between Toxin-Antitoxin Systems and Biofilm Formation
BACKGROUND Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are found on the chromosomes and plasmids of many Bacteria such as Escherichia coli. The roles of TA systems in bacteria are enigmatic. Multiple biological functions of TA systems are proposed including growth modulation, persistence, and biofilm formation. Biofilms of E. coli are cause of urinary tract infections, as well as bacteraemia. OBJECTIVES The ...
متن کاملToxin–antitoxin systems
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are small genetic elements composed of a toxin gene and its cognate antitoxin. The toxins of all known TA systems are proteins while the antitoxins are either proteins or non-coding RNAs. Based on the molecular nature of the antitoxin and its mode of interaction with the toxin the TA modules are currently grouped into five classes. In general, the toxin is more stab...
متن کاملBacterial toxin-antitoxin systems
Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are composed of two elements: a toxic protein and an antitoxin which is either an RNA (type I and III) or a protein (type II). Type II systems are abundant in bacterial genomes in which they move via horizontal gene transfer. They are generally composed of two genes organized in an operon, encoding a toxin and a labile antitoxin. When carried by mobile genetic eleme...
متن کاملThe Electrical Charge of Toxin and Antitoxin
1. Both diphtheria and tetanus toxin and their antitoxins arc electro-positive, that is, they pass to the cathode under the influence of an electric current. 2. The character of the charge is not altered by a change in the reaction of the solvent. 3. The combination of toxin and antitoxin would seem to represent not a true chemical reaction but the adsorption of one colloid by another.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: The Boston Medical and Surgical Journal
سال: 1904
ISSN: 0096-6762,1533-4406
DOI: 10.1056/nejm190404281501701